Choosing a bus charter significantly affect the level of public transport services and efficient use of buses providing services for the population with the lowest transport costs can be achieved in the event that the rolling stock by type and capacity of the maximum corresponds to the power and character of passengers as well as the conditions of carriage of passengers. 
Buses for heavy transport is not appropriate to use on routes with low passenger and all day on routes with high passenger uneven, as this will lead either to high intervals respectively traffic and increase waiting time at bus stops, or significantly more expensive transportation costs. Operation Light buses on routes with strong passenger traffic reduces the intervals of motion, but increases the need for rolling stock, increases the load of streets and highways, lowers productivity.
When choosing a small capacity buses mainly take into account:
? Power passenger traffic in one direction on the most busy area in peak hours
? Uneven distribution of passenger traffic by hour of day and the route
? Expedient interval distance buses for hours days
? Road conditions of buses and bandwidth streets
? Carrying capacity, ie maximum number of passengers that can be transported by bus for 1 hour in one direction
? The cost of bus transportation.



The correct choice of routes of buses has a decisive influence on the overall amount of time the population of movement and efficient use of rolling stock.
When selecting and substantiating routes guided by the following requirements:
? The main points of the transport and gravitational mass congestion of passengers bound to each other by the shortest route
? Routes must ensure through-trip passengers on the main directions of following
? Routes urban communications should provide convenience to passengers transplantation suburban and intercity vehicles of other types of urban transport
? The length of bus routes are determined depending on the size and layout of the city in view of the uniform filling of vehicles along the full length of the various periods of the day
? Bus routes are established when there is sufficient landscaped roadway, taking into account the width and vertical alignment of streets, as well as operational and technical characteristics of the bus
? Bus routes urban communications must be agreed upon between themselves and with the routes of other types of passenger transport, as well as rail, air, water transport.
Long-haul has the following advantages:
? Provides a through service between the peripheral destinations
? It does not require the organization of terminals in the central part of the city
? Provides higher operating speed by reducing the idle time on the final points
The short route has the following advantages:
? Facilitates the achievement of a more uniform loading of buses throughout the route
? Provides a higher frequency of movement
Optimal Peregon urban routes 300-500 meters, suburban routes 800-1200 meters.


City bus routes are opened (and closed) in consultation with the local authorities. As a result of their committee, comprising representatives of road traffic police services, and passenger motor enterprise is drawn up with the activities necessary to ensure traffic safety and the normal movement of buses on the route. Only then opens the route.
At each bus route (before the opening movement) are a passport, which contains:
? Scheme with the characteristics of the route - plan and profile of road pavement condition number of intersections of high-risk spots, etc.
? Rates for travel
? Characteristics of the stations and linear structures
? The distance between stops
? Systematically record the totals of buses for each year, etc.
Types of routes: D - urban, P - suburban, M - long distance.
Bus routes (before opening) equipped with:
? Communication and signaling systems to control and regulate the movement of buses
? Clone - clocks
? Pointers stops, landing sites
? Fixed structures for maintenance and rest of drivers
? Venues for a reversal and sludge
? Pavilions for passengers, etc.
On the opening or changing the route alert the population through mass media, advertisements on buses, in the AB and AC, no later than 5 days prior to the change of transport conditions and for 10 days before the opening or closing movement.
The correct flight time determines the minimum acceptable amount of time passengers on the trip.
Unjustifiably taken during the voyage, or led to unreasonably low speed, high idle buses at the end and intermediate stops because of the existing reserve of time, or to violate the rules of buses, disregard of traffic safety, the violation of the rules of boarding-disembarking from the lack of time .
The flight times (t p) includes:
? Time Traffic
? Time of parking of buses at intermediate points for landing, disembarkation
? Downtime due to the delay of buses for reasons of traffic
Time of motion (t IR) depends on: improvement of streets, town planning, meaningful and dynamic features of buses, the intensity of traffic and the nature of its regulation, the degree of load buses. Its value consists of the time required for acceleration when starting from the bus stop, on the motion to define the permissible speed, the braking at the entrance to the bus stop and the time spent on the delay for reasons of traffic. It is approximately 80-85% of the total flight time. In practical terms the time limit for the movement, as well as the overall duration of the trip determine hronometrazhnymi observations, which are held regularly techniques of the Operations Department in the following cases: the opening of new routes, changes in traffic conditions, such as replacement of buses, seasons, etc.
At the speed of buses affected by the following indicators:
? Road categories, its parameters and status of sites
? The intensity of the movement of rolling stock on individual sections of the road
? Capacity of the bus and its operational and technical characteristics
? Time of year and climatic conditions
? Time of day, during which the flight
Rationing velocity is reduced to the following operations:
? Refinement scheme route, stopping points, the study of the route, the traffic flow of buses, boarding, alighting at bus stops
? Preparing the necessary documentation (hronokarta), hours
? All day hronometrazhnye observing the movement of the bus managed an experienced driver
? Calculation of \u0026quot;acceptable\u0026quot; time for each movement перегону throughout the day on a visit
? Conducting hronometrazhnyh observations on several buses in each of the periods of the day
? Processing and analysis of observational data, the calculation of norms of time in general for the flight and on the control plots for periods of the day
? Carrying out the test flights
? Drafting and approval of standards act of time.